feat(backend): Phase 1 数据层 — Domain / Provider / Failover 审计 + 持久化 + 同步 CLI

- domain：市场数据实体（Stock / 交易日历 / 日线 / 复权 / 财务含 announce_date）+ Repository 与 MarketDataProvider Protocol - 数据源：TushareProvider（归一化、重试、鉴权错误归类）、SinaProvider（备用，明确前复权口径与能力边界）、FailoverProvider + SyncLog 审计（禁止静默切换） - 持久化：SQLAlchemy 2.x Models + Repository 实现（按业务键幂等 upsert、as_of_date 防未来函数过滤）+ Alembic 迁移 - CLI：uv run python -m app.cli.sync {basic|calendar|daily|financial|verify}，支持 --resume 断点续传 - 真实 Tushare 验证：stock 5556 / 交易日历 366 / daily+factor 242 / 财务 55；sync_log 审计完整 - 测试：38 passed（domain / provider / failover / repository / 未来函数 / 迁移），ruff clean
2026-09-06 16:59:28 +08:00
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+"""Alembic 迁移测试：全新数据库 upgrade head 后应包含全部 Phase 1 表。"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sqlite3
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from alembic import command
+from alembic.config import Config
+
+BACKEND_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+
+
+def _alembic_config(db_path: Path) -> Config:
+    cfg = Config(str(BACKEND_ROOT / "alembic.ini"))
+    cfg.set_main_option("script_location", "app/infrastructure/persistence/migrations")
+    cfg.set_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", f"sqlite:///{db_path}")
+    return cfg
+
+
+def test_upgrade_head_creates_phase1_tables(tmp_path) -> None:
+    db_path = tmp_path / "fresh.db"
+    command.upgrade(_alembic_config(db_path), "head")
+
+    con = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
+    try:
+        tables = {
+            row[0]
+            for row in con.execute("select name from sqlite_master where type='table'").fetchall()
+        }
+    finally:
+        con.close()
+
+    expected = {
+        "stock",
+        "stock_daily",
+        "adjust_factor",
+        "trading_calendar",
+        "financial_indicator",
+        "sync_log",
+        "alembic_version",
+    }
+    assert expected <= tables
+
+    # 关键防未来函数列存在
+    con = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
+    try:
+        fin_cols = {
+            row[1] for row in con.execute("pragma table_info(financial_indicator)").fetchall()
+        }
+        daily_cols = {row[1] for row in con.execute("pragma table_info(stock_daily)").fetchall()}
+    finally:
+        con.close()
+    assert {"report_date", "announce_date"} <= fin_cols
+    assert {"symbol", "trade_date", "close"} <= daily_cols
+
+
+def test_upgrade_head_idempotent(tmp_path) -> None:
+    db_path = tmp_path / "again.db"
+    cfg = _alembic_config(db_path)
+    command.upgrade(cfg, "head")
+    command.upgrade(cfg, "head")  # 二次执行不报错