feat(web): M8.6a 交易信号页（/signals）+ 导航与类型

- app/signals/page.tsx：因子+买卖排名阈值+时点+白名单 → BUY/WATCH/SELL 表格
  （类型 Pill 着色、得分/价格/触发理由）+ 最近信号记录回看
- app-shell 导航加入「交易信号」；lib/types.ts 增加 Signal* 类型与 universe.symbols
- 真实 MySQL 端到端：/api/signals 返回可解释信号（跌破 MA60 的 SELL 警示等）；
  /signals 页面 200；tsc --noEmit 通过

frontend/web/app/signals/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+"use client";
+
+/** 交易信号（v2 §15）：基于选股评分排名 + 趋势规则生成 BUY / WATCH / SELL，
+ * 每条带理由（为什么）；支持当前/历史 as_of，历史记录点击回看。
+ */
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { apiGet, apiPost } from "@/lib/api";
+import type {
+  FactorMeta,
+  SelectionQuery,
+  SignalMeta,
+  SignalResult,
+  SignalRun,
+} from "@/lib/types";
+import {
+  PageHeader,
+  Card,
+  Pill,
+  Field,
+  Btn,
+  Banner,
+  Empty,
+  SkeletonLines,
+} from "@/components/ui";
+
+export default function SignalsPage() {
+  const [factors, setFactors] = useState<FactorMeta[]>([]);
+  const [factor, setFactor] = useState("momentum_60");
+  const [asOf, setAsOf] = useState("");
+  const [symbols, setSymbols] = useState("600519.SH,000001.SZ,300750.SZ,601318.SH,000858.SZ");
+  const [buyRank, setBuyRank] = useState(2);
+  const [sellRank, setSellRank] = useState(5);
+  const [result, setResult] = useState<SignalResult | null>(null);
+  const [signalId, setSignalId] = useState("");
+  const [running, setRunning] = useState(false);
+  const [error, setError] = useState("");
+  const [history, setHistory] = useState<SignalMeta[] | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let alive = true;
+    apiGet<FactorMeta[]>("/factors")
+      .then((list) => alive && list.length > 0 && setFactors(list))
+      .catch((e: Error) => alive && setError(e.message));
+    apiGet<SignalMeta[]>("/signals?limit=8").then(setHistory).catch(() => alive && setHistory([]));
+    return () => {
+      alive = false;
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  function buildQuery(): SelectionQuery {
+    return {
+      universe: { exclude_st: true, min_listing_days: 0, symbols: symbols.split(/[,，]/).map((s) => s.trim()).filter(Boolean) },
+      as_of: asOf || null,
+      method: "score",
+      factors: [{ name: factor, weight: 1 }],
+      conditions: [],
+      top_n: sellRank + 10,
+    };
+  }
+
+  async function run() {
+    setRunning(true);
+    setError("");
+    setResult(null);
+    try {
+      const run = await apiPost<SignalRun>("/signals", {
+        query: buildQuery(),
+        rules: { buy_rank_threshold: buyRank, sell_rank_threshold: sellRank, max_output_rank: 60 },
+      });
+      setSignalId(run.signal_id);
+      setResult(run.result);
+      apiGet<SignalMeta[]>("/signals?limit=8").then(setHistory).catch(() => undefined);
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError((e as Error).message);
+    } finally {
+      setRunning(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function openHistory(id: string) {
+    try {
+      const detail = await apiGet<SignalResult>(`/signals/${id}`);
+      setSignalId(id);
+      setResult(detail);
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError((e as Error).message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <PageHeader
+        title="交易信号"
+        sub="基于选股综合分排名与趋势规则输出 BUY / WATCH / SELL，每条带触发理由；与回测共用同一评分引擎。"
+        actions={signalId ? <Pill tone="violet" icon="check">{signalId}</Pill> : null}
+      />
+
+      <Card title="信号参数" icon="scale">
+        <div className="form-grid">
+          <Field label="评分因子">
+            <select className="input" value={factor} onChange={(e) => setFactor(e.target.value)}>
+              {factors.map((f) => (
+                <option key={f.name} value={f.name}>{f.name}</option>
+              ))}
+            </select>
+          </Field>
+          <Field label="买入排名阈值 (≤)">
+            <input className="input" type="number" min={1} value={buyRank} onChange={(e) => setBuyRank(Number(e.target.value))} />
+          </Field>
+          <Field label="卖出/警示排名阈值 (>)">
+            <input className="input" type="number" min={1} value={sellRank} onChange={(e) => setSellRank(Number(e.target.value))} />
+          </Field>
+          <Field label="时点 as_of" hint="留空 = 最近交易日">
+            <input type="date" className="input" value={asOf} onChange={(e) => setAsOf(e.target.value)} />
+          </Field>
+          <Field label="股票白名单" hint="逗号分隔（≤60）">
+            <input className="input" value={symbols} onChange={(e) => setSymbols(e.target.value)} />
+          </Field>
+          <Btn variant="primary" icon="play" loading={running} disabled={running} onClick={run}>
+            {running ? "生成中…" : "生成信号"}
+          </Btn>
+        </div>
+        {error ? <div style={{ marginTop: 12 }}><Banner tone="error">{error}</Banner></div> : null}
+      </Card>
+
+      {!result && !running && history === null ? <SkeletonLines n={4} /> : null}
+
+      {result ? <ResultView result={result} /> : null}
+
+      {history && history.length > 0 ? (
+        <Card title="最近信号记录" icon="archive">
+          <div className="chips">
+            {history.map((m) => (
+              <button key={m.id} className="chip" style={{ cursor: "pointer" }} onClick={() => openHistory(m.id)} title={m.id}>
+                <b className="mono">{m.as_of}</b>
+                买 {m.buy} / 观 {m.watch} / 卖 {m.sell}
+              </button>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </Card>
+      ) : null}
+    </>
+  );
+}
+
+function ResultView({ result }: { result: SignalResult }) {
+  const st = result.statistics;
+  return (
+    <Card
+      icon="scale"
+      title={`信号 · ${result.as_of_date}`}
+      tools={
+        <>
+          <Pill tone="pos">BUY {st.buy}</Pill>
+          <Pill>WATCH {st.watch}</Pill>
+          <Pill tone="neg">SELL {st.sell}</Pill>
+        </>
+      }
+    >
+      {result.events.length === 0 ? (
+        <Empty icon="scale" title="无信号输出" hint="放宽排名阈值或检查白名单数据。" />
+      ) : (
+        <div className="table-wrap">
+          <table className="tbl">
+            <thead>
+              <tr>
+                <th>类型</th>
+                <th>代码</th>
+                <th>得分</th>
+                <th>价格</th>
+                <th>触发理由</th>
+              </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody>
+              {result.events.map((e) => (
+                <tr key={e.symbol}>
+                  <td>
+                    <Pill tone={e.signal_type === "BUY" ? "pos" : e.signal_type === "SELL" ? "neg" : undefined}>
+                      {e.signal_type}
+                    </Pill>
+                  </td>
+                  <td className="mono"><b>{e.symbol}</b></td>
+                  <td className="mono">{e.score?.toFixed(4)}</td>
+                  <td className="mono">{e.price ?? "-"}</td>
+                  <td style={{ fontSize: 12 }}>
+                    <div className="chips">
+                      {e.trigger_reason.map((r) => (
+                        <span className="chip" key={r}>{r}</span>
+                      ))}
+                    </div>
+                  </td>
+                </tr>
+              ))}
+            </tbody>
+          </table>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/web/components/app-shell.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ const GROUPS: { title: string; items: NavItem[] }[] = [
       { href: "/", label: "总览", icon: "grid" },
       { href: "/stocks", label: "股票池", icon: "candles" },
       { href: "/selection", label: "股票筛选", icon: "target" },
+      { href: "/signals", label: "交易信号", icon: "scale" },
       { href: "/factors", label: "因子研究", icon: "flask" },
       { href: "/factors/compose", label: "因子组合", icon: "layers" },
       { href: "/backtest", label: "选股回测", icon: "gauge" },

frontend/web/lib/types.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,11 @@ export interface FactorMeta {
 
 export interface ResearchSpec {
   type: "factor_test" | "backtest";
-  universe: { exclude_st?: boolean; min_listing_days?: number };
+  universe: {
+    exclude_st?: boolean;
+    min_listing_days?: number;
+    symbols?: string[];
+  };
   factors: { name: string; weight: number }[];
   selection: { top_n: number };
   rebalance: "weekly" | "monthly";
@@ -84,7 +88,11 @@ export interface SelectionCondition {
 }
 
 export interface SelectionQuery {
-  universe: { exclude_st?: boolean; min_listing_days?: number };
+  universe: {
+    exclude_st?: boolean;
+    min_listing_days?: number;
+    symbols?: string[];
+  };
   as_of?: string | null; // null/省略 = 最近交易日
   method: "score" | "condition";
   factors: { name: string; weight: number }[];
@@ -126,3 +134,46 @@ export interface SelectionRun {
   result: SelectionResult;
 }
 
+
+/* ---- 交易信号（v2 §15，与 domain/entities/signal.py 对应） ---- */
+
+export interface SignalRules {
+  buy_rank_threshold?: number;
+  buy_require_trend?: boolean;
+  buy_require_momentum?: boolean;
+  trend_ma?: number;
+  sell_rank_threshold?: number;
+  sell_on_trend_break?: boolean;
+  max_output_rank?: number;
+}
+
+export interface SignalEvent {
+  symbol: string;
+  signal_date: string;
+  signal_type: "BUY" | "WATCH" | "SELL";
+  score?: number | null;
+  price?: number | null;
+  trigger_reason: string[];
+}
+
+export interface SignalResult {
+  as_of_date: string;
+  rules: SignalRules;
+  statistics: { universe_size: number; buy: number; watch: number; sell: number };
+  events: SignalEvent[];
+  config_snapshot: Record<string, unknown>;
+}
+
+export interface SignalMeta {
+  id: string;
+  as_of: string;
+  buy: number;
+  watch: number;
+  sell: number;
+  created_at?: string | null;
+}
+
+export interface SignalRun {
+  signal_id: string;
+  result: SignalResult;
+}